Give the equation of the line with slope 23β and y-intercept β5.
Answer
y=23βxβ5
Question 3
State the slope of the line parallel to y=5x+3.
Answer
m=5
Question 4
State the slope of a line perpendicular to y=β2x+7.
Answer
m=21β
Question 5
Find the slope of the line joining the points A(2,0) and B(0,β8).
Answer
m=0β2β8β0β=β2β8β=4
Question 6
Evaluate 15% of 350.
Answer
52.5
Question 7
A car depreciates by $5 000 per year and has an initial value of $30 000.
a) What does the independent variable represent?
b) What does the dependent variable represent?
c) Write an equation for this relation.
Answer
a) x, the number of years that have passed since the car was bought
b) y, the value of the car, in dollars
c) y=β5000x+30000
Question 8
State the equation of the horizontal line passing through the point P(5,7).
Answer
y=7
Question 9
Reduce 12:24:36 to lowest terms.
Answer
1:2:3
Question 10
Find the x-intercept of 7xβ3y=β42.
Answer
β6
Let y=0: 7x=β42, so x=β6.
Question 11
State the value of each variable.
a)
Three lines meet at a point on a straight line, making angles of 50 degrees and 60 degrees with the straight line and an angle x between them; the two lower lines form an isosceles triangle with equal sides marked, whose base angle is w
w= ______ x= ______
b)
A parallelogram ABCD with a diagonal from B to D; the diagonal makes a 40 degree angle at B with the bottom side and a 70 degree angle at D; the angle at A is z and the angle at C is y
y= ______ z= ______
Answer
a) w=40β, x=70β
x=180ββ50ββ60β=70β (opposite angles); the triangle is isosceles, so w=180ββ2(70β)=40β.
b) y=70β, z=70β
y=180ββ40ββ70β=70β (angle sum); z=y=70β (opposite angles of a parallelogram).
Question 12
A line has slope 25β and passes through the point P(1,3). State two other points on the line.
Answer
(3,8) and (5,13)
Question 13
The volume of a rectangular prism is 960 cm3. If the length is 10 cm and the width is 24 cm, then the height is ______.
Answer
4 cm
h=960Γ·(10Γ24)=4
Question 14
A rectangular garden is to be surrounded by 48 m of fencing.
a) State the dimensions in order to maximize the area.
b) State the maximum area.
Answer
a) 12 m by 12 m
b) 144 m2
Question 15
Match each equation to the corresponding graph.
y=β3x+2y=3x+2y=β3xβ2y=3xβ2
a)
A small sketch of a line rising steeply from left to right and crossing the y-axis above the origin
b)
A small sketch of a line falling steeply from left to right and crossing the y-axis above the origin
c)
A small sketch of a line falling steeply from left to right and crossing the y-axis below the origin
d)
A small sketch of a line rising steeply from left to right and crossing the y-axis below the origin
Answer
a) y=3x+2
b) y=β3x+2
c) y=β3xβ2
d) y=3xβ2
Question 16
Simplify.
a) (27x5)(3x2)
b) 3x227x5β
c) (3x5)2
Answer
a) 81x7
b) 9x3
c) 9x10
Part B
Give full solutions to all problems.
Question 17
Find the intersection of the following two lines by graphing them on a grid.
a) 2xβy=8
b) y=xβ5
Intersection point: ______
Answer
a) x-intercept: y=0, 2x=8, x=4. y-intercept: x=0, βy=8, y=β8.
b) slope 1, y-intercept β5
Intersection point: (3,β2)
A grid from -10 to 10 on both axes showing line a) 2x - y = 8 through (4, 0) and (0, -8), line b) y = x - 5 through (5, 0) and (0, -5), and their intersection circled at (3, -2)
Question 18
A family is moving from Brampton to Ottawa. Cheap Movers charges $1750 for 1000 kg or $2125 for 2500 kg.
a) Find the equation representing the cost of moving using Cheap Movers.
b) Explain the meaning of the slope in this problem.
c) Explain the meaning of the y-intercept in this problem.
Answer
a) Let x be the mass moved, in kg, and y be the cost, in dollars. The points are (1000,Β 1750) and (2500,Β 2125).
A rectangular floor measuring 15 m by 12 m is to be covered in tiles measuring 0.3 m by 0.3 m. A single box contains 500 tiles and costs $149.95. Find the total cost if taxes are 14%.
The mass of a baby was taken at the end of each week for 12 consecutive weeks. These values have been plotted on the grid below.
A scatter plot of a baby's mass in grams against the number of weeks, from week 1 at 4000 g rising steadily to week 12 at 8200 g
a) Draw in the line of best fit and extend it to cross the vertical axis.
b) State the initial mass (the y-intercept).
c) Choose another point on your line of best fit. It does not need to be one of the plotted data points.
d) Using the points in (b) and (c), find the slope (rate).
e) Write an equation for this relation.
f) What does the slope represent in this problem?
g) Use your equation in (e) to predict the mass after 15 weeks.
Answer
Answers for (b) to (g) depend on the line of best fit drawn. The line here passes through (0,Β 3500) and (10,Β 7500); a line through (0,Β 3500) and (10,Β 7000) is also reasonable and gives a rate of 350 g per week and a prediction of 8750 g.
a)
The same scatter plot with a line of best fit drawn through (0, 3500) and (10, 7500), both circled, extended to cross the vertical axis
b) 3500 g, or (0,Β 3500)
c) (10,Β 7500)
d) m=ΞxΞyβ=10β07500β3500β=104000β=400 (grams per week)
e) y=400x+3500
f) The mass the baby gains each week: about 400 g per week.
g) y=400(15)+3500=6000+3500=9500
β΄ the mass of the baby after 15 weeks will be about 9500 g.
Curriculum connection
B1.3
identify the relationship between the slopes of parallel and perpendicular lines, and use this relationship to solve related problems;
develop the formula for the slope of a line (i.e., m=x2ββx1βy2ββy1ββ), and use this formula to determine the equations of lines, given information about the lines (e.g., a graph of a line, a table of values, the coordinates of two points);